Ancient+Greece

**Eliza Strouse, Lindsay Nerby** ** Date: 1900 B.C.- 100 B.C. ** === The Minoan civilization was created on the island of Crete. It was named after Minos, the legendary king of Crete by Arthur Evans, he was the English archaeologist who was the first to discover the civilization. The minoan people made their weapons out of bronze and metals. They have been established on a large island of Crete which is at Knossos. The minoan people had ships that took them to places such as Egypt and southern Greece in surch of goods. The minoan people suffered a sudden collapse around 1450 B.C. People believed it was from a tidals wave, but other believe that it came from an invasion by main land greeks. Known as Mycenaens. ===
 * Education is an ornament in prosperity and a refuge in adversity. - //Aristotle// **

=== Mycenaen Era reached its high point around 1200 B.C. They were made up of many powerful monarchies. The Mycenaens were very heroic people. Each resided in a fortified palace center. These were surrounded with big stones and built on hills. This is where the royal families lived. The lower people of the town lived on the outside of the walls surrounding the loyal family. Int the Mycenaean center, there were tombs for the royal families dead bodies. These were known as tholos, and were built into the hills. It had a circular chamber that was almost like domed shaped. The Mycenaean were warrior people and showed their pride on their heroic deeds. There are Mycenaean wall murals that show war and hunting scenes. ===

=== After the collaps of Mycenaen civilizasion in 1100 B.C. a new period called the dark ages began. This is known for lasting from 1100 to 750 B.C. This new era was a big problem for the Greeks. Population declined and food production dropped. Because of this, Greeks left the mainland abd sailed across the Agean Sea to other islands. Iron had to replace bronze in weapons to make them more affordable for people to buy. This made farming tool help reverse the decline of food production. ===



__**Terms:**__ ** Phalanx: went to war marcihng in a rectangle, shoulder to shoulder. This created a wall of shields to protect the hoplites.** ** Democracy: Goverment by the people or ruled by many. Some Greek cities followed this. This allowed people to be involved with government.** ** Hoplites: Heavily armed infantry soldiers or foot soldiers. Each of them carried round shields, a short sword, and a thrusting spear about nine feet long.** ** Epic Poems: Long poem that tells the deeds of a great hero. Examples of an epic poem are the famous Iliad and Odyssey, written by a blind poet named Homer.** ** Arete: Hero that strives for excellence, won in a struggle or contest. These Heros were mainly described or part of Homer's poems.** __**Historical People:**__ ** Homer: One of the truly great poets of all time. Wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey. He not only recorded history, but he created it.** ** Socrates: He was one of the critics of the Sophists. He was a sculpture whose true love was philosophy. He taught many pupils but accepted no pay.** ** Plato: Established a school in Athens known as the Academy. He was very fasinated by the question of reality. He was also one of Socrates' students.** ** Aristotle: He was a Greek philosopher who argued that a citizen did not belong to just to himslef or herslef in the city.** ** Sophocles: A great Athenian play writer. Whose most famouse play was Oedipus Rex. Which was a tragic act play.**

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__**Links:**__ __**Britis Museum**__**About the Athens in Ancient Greece.** **[|History]: History of Spartans in Ancient Greece.** **[|Battles]: Battles and famous people of Ancient Greece.** **[|Persians]: Battles that delt with the Persians.** **Main Page: Everything abot Ancient Greece.**



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**Timeline:**
 * 1400: Mycenaen civilization met its highest point that was made up of powerfulmonarchies. **
 * 1100 B.C.: This was when the Mycenaean civilization collapsed and entered the Dark ages. **
 * 750 B.C.: The dark ages ended and then came along Homer. **
 * 700 B.C.: This was when hoplites became part of the military because Greece was getting beat in almost every war. **
 * 750 B.C.: People decided to move because they wanted to look for good farm land and growth of trade. This made a new polis in different places. **
 * 730 B.C.: The Spartans undertook the conquest of neighboring places, despite their larger size and population. **
 * 486 B.C.: Darius died and the power went to Xerxes, which he later planned to invade Greece. **
 * 431 B.C.: The Great Peloponnesian War broke out, which was concluded from a series of disputes. **
 * 776 B.C.: The first olympic games were held. They contained numerous events in honor of the gods. **
 * 387 B.C.: Plato found the Academy in Athens. It would have a great value of history. **